登录 | 加入我们
您目前处于：

kubernetes v1.14.0高可用master集群部署（使用kubeadm，离线安装）

2019-04-13 09:01 分类：Kubernetes教程/入门教程 阅读(24501) 评论(6)

集群方案：

  • 发行版：CentOS 7
  • 容器运行时
  • 内核： 4.18.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
  • 版本：Kubernetes: 1.14.0
  • 网络方案: Calico
  • kube-proxy mode: IPVS
  • master高可用方案：HAProxy keepalived LVS
  • DNS插件: CoreDNS
  • metrics插件：metrics-server
  • 界面：kubernetes-dashboard

Kubernetes集群搭建

Host Name Role IP
master1 master1 192.168.56.103
master2 master2 192.168.56.104
master3 master3 192.168.56.105
node1 node1 192.168.56.106
node2 node2 192.168.56.107
node3 node3 192.168.56.108

1、离线安装包准备（基于能够访问外网的服务器下载相应安装包）

# 设置yum缓存路径，cachedir 缓存路径 keepcache=1保持安装包在软件安装之后不删除
cat /etc/yum.conf  
[main]
cachedir=/home/yum
keepcache=1
...

# 安装ifconfig
yum install net-tools -y

# 时间同步
yum install -y ntpdate

# 安装docker（建议19.8.06）
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager \
 --add-repo \
 https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum makecache fast
## 列出Docker版本
yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
## 安装指定版本
sudo yum install docker-ce-<VERSION_STRING>

# 安装文件管理器，XShell可通过rz sz命令上传或者下载服务器文件
yum intall lrzsz -y

# 安装keepalived、haproxy
yum install -y socat keepalived ipvsadm haproxy

# 安装kubernetes相关组件
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
        http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl ebtables

# 其他软件安装
yum install wget
...

2、节点系统配置

  • 关闭SELinux、防火墙 
    systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0
sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
  • 关闭系统的Swap（Kubernetes 1.8开始要求） 
    swapoff -a
yes | cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_bak
cat /etc/fstab_bak |grep -v swap > /etc/fstab
  • 配置L2网桥在转发包时会被iptables的FORWARD规则所过滤，该配置被CNI插件需要，更多信息请参考Network Plugin Requirements 
    echo """
vm.swappiness = 0
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
""" > /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p

    centos7添加bridge-nf-call-ip6tables出现No such file or directory,简单来说就是执行一下 modprobe br_netfilter

  • 同步时间 
    ntpdate -u ntp.api.bz
  • 升级内核到最新（已准备内核离线安装包，可选）centos7 升级内核

    参考文章

    grub2-set-default 0 && grub2-mkconfig -o /etc/grub2.cfg
grubby --default-kernel
grubby --args="user_namespace.enable=1" --update-kernel="$(grubby --default-kernel)"
  • 重启系统，确认内核版本后，开启IPVS（如果未升级内核，去掉ip_vs_fo） 
    uname -a
cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
ipvs_modules="ip_vs ip_vs_lc ip_vs_wlc ip_vs_rr ip_vs_wrr   ip_vs_lblc ip_vs_lblcr ip_vs_dh ip_vs_sh ip_vs_fo   ip_vs_nq ip_vs_sed ip_vs_ftp nf_conntrack"
for kernel_module in \${ipvs_modules}; do
    /sbin/modinfo -F filename \${kernel_module} > /dev/null 2>&1
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
        /sbin/modprobe \${kernel_module}
    fi
done
EOF
chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep ip_vs

    执行sysctl -p报错可执行modprobe br_netfilter，请参考centos7添加bridge-nf-call-ip6tables出现No such file or directory

  • 所有机器需要设定/etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf的系统参数 
    # https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/31208 
# ipvsadm -l --timout
# 修复ipvs模式下长连接timeout问题 小于900即可
cat <<EOF > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 10
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv4.neigh.default.gc_stale_time = 120
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 5000
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 1024
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = 2310720
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100
fs.may_detach_mounts = 1
fs.file-max = 52706963
fs.nr_open = 52706963
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 1
vm.swappiness = 0
vm.overcommit_memory=1
vm.panic_on_oom=0
EOF
sysctl --system
  • 设置开机启动 
    # 启动docker
sed -i "13i ExecStartPost=/usr/sbin/iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT" /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable docker
systemctl start docker
# 设置kubelet开机启动
systemctl enable kubelet

systemctl enable keepalived
systemctl enable haproxy
  • 设置免密登录 
    # 1、三次回车后，密钥生成完成
ssh-keygen
# 2、拷贝密钥到其他节点
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub  用户名字@192.168.x.xxx

**、 Kubernetes要求集群中所有机器具有不同的Mac地址、产品uuid、Hostname。

3、keepalived+haproxy配置

cd ~/
# 创建集群信息文件
echo """
CP0_IP=10.130.29.80
CP1_IP=10.130.29.81
CP2_IP=10.130.29.82
VIP=10.130.29.83
NET_IF=eth0
CIDR=10.244.0.0/16
""" > ./cluster-info
bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hnbcao/kubeadm-ha-master/v1.14.0/keepalived-haproxy.sh)"

4、部署HA Master

HA Master的部署过程已经自动化，请在master-1上执行如下命令，并注意修改IP;

脚本主要执行三步：

1)、重置kubelet设置

kubeadm reset -f
rm -rf /etc/kubernetes/pki/

2)、编写节点配置文件并初始化master1的kubelet

echo """
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: v1.13.0
controlPlaneEndpoint: "${VIP}:8443"
maxPods: 100
networkPlugin: cni
imageRepository: registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
apiServer:
  certSANs:
  - ${CP0_IP}
  - ${CP1_IP}
  - ${CP2_IP}
  - ${VIP}
networking:
  # This CIDR is a Calico default. Substitute or remove for your CNI provider.
  podSubnet: ${CIDR}
---
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
mode: ipvs
""" > /etc/kubernetes/kubeadm-config.yaml
kubeadm init --config /etc/kubernetes/kubeadm-config.yaml
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
cp -f /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf ${HOME}/.kube/config
  • 关于默认网关问题，如果有多张网卡，需要先将默认网关切换到集群使用的那张网卡上，否则可能会出现etcd无法连接等问题。（应用我用的虚拟机，有一张网卡无法做到各个节点胡同；route查看当前网关信息，route del default删除默认网关，route add default enth0设置默认网关enth0为网卡名）

3)、拷贝相关证书到master2、master3

for index in 1 2; do
  ip=${IPS[${index}]}
  ssh $ip "mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd; mkdir -p ~/.kube/"
  scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt $ip:/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt
  scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.key $ip:/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.key
  scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key $ip:/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key
  scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub $ip:/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub
  scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.crt $ip:/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.crt
  scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.key $ip:/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.key
  scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt $ip:/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt
  scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.key $ip:/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.key
  scp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $ip:/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
  scp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $ip:~/.kube/config

  ssh ${ip} "${JOIN_CMD} --experimental-control-plane"
done

4)、master2、master3加入节点

JOIN_CMD=`kubeadm token create --print-join-command`
ssh ${ip} "${JOIN_CMD} --experimental-control-plane"

完整脚本：

# 部署HA master
 
bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hnbcao/kubeadm-ha-master/v1.14.0/kube-ha.sh)"

5、加入节点

  • 各个节点需要配置keepalived 和 haproxy 
    #/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
global
    log         127.0.0.1 local2
    chroot      /var/lib/haproxy
    pidfile     /var/run/haproxy.pid
    maxconn     4000
    user        haproxy
    group       haproxy
    daemon
    stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats

defaults
    mode                    tcp
    log                     global
    option                  tcplog
    option                  dontlognull
    option                  redispatch
    retries                 3
    timeout queue           1m
    timeout connect         10s
    timeout client          1m
    timeout server          1m
    timeout check           10s
    maxconn                 3000

listen stats
    mode   http
    bind :10086
    stats   enable
    stats   uri     /admin?stats
    stats   auth    admin:admin
    stats   admin   if TRUE
    
frontend  k8s_https *:8443
    mode      tcp
    maxconn      2000
    default_backend     https_sri
    
backend https_sri
    balance      roundrobin
    server master1-api ${MASTER1_IP}:6443  check inter 10000 fall 2 rise 2 weight 1
    server master2-api ${MASTER2_IP}:6443  check inter 10000 fall 2 rise 2 weight 1
    server master3-api ${MASTER3_IP}:6443  check inter 10000 fall 2 rise 2 weight 1

    #/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 
global_defs {
   router_id LVS_DEVEL
}

vrrp_script check_haproxy {
    script /etc/keepalived/check_haproxy.sh
    interval 3
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 80
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass just0kk
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        ${VIP}/24
    }
    track_script {   
        check_haproxy
    }
}

}

注意两个配置中的{MASTER1 _ IP},{MASTER2 _ IP}, {MASTER3 _ IP}、{VIP}需要替换为自己集群相应的IP地址

  • 重启keepalived和haproxy 
    systemctl stop keepalived
systemctl enable keepalived
systemctl start keepalived
systemctl stop haproxy
systemctl enable haproxy
systemctl start haproxy
  • 节点加入命令获取 
    #master节点执行该命令，再在节点执行获取到的命令
kubeadm token create --print-join-command

6、结束安装

当前集群安装完毕，还需要安装cni插件，推荐使用calico，性能优于其他。

 作者：hnbcao

链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/a55e7d95a875

K8S中文社区微信公众号
标签：

相关推荐

评论 6

登录后评论

立即登录  

  1. #3

    为什么每个节点都要装keepalive和haproxy?

    墨镜5年前 (2019-04-14)

    • keepalive和haproxy我了解的不是很深入，当时的情况是如果不安装的话，节点是访问不到虚拟IP的。另，集群是运行在阿里云环境上的。

      hnbcao5年前 (2019-07-01)
  2. #2

    有个疑问，keepalived 跨网段这个应该不行吧？

    yz5年前 (2019-04-15)

    • 是文章的问题，keepalived+haproxy配置里面应该是
      echo “””
      CP0_IP=192.168.56.103
      CP1_IP=192.168.56.104
      CP2_IP=192.168.56.105
      VIP=192.168.56.102
      NET_IF=eth0
      CIDR=10.244.0.0/16
      “”” > ./cluster-info

      hnbcao5年前 (2019-07-01)
  3. #1

    etcd呢？

    danli5年前 (2019-04-26)

    • 所有kubernetes组件都是在容器里运行，包括etcd。

      hnbcao5年前 (2019-07-01)